On Friday, June 11, the famous science website, “Live Science”, began presenting an exploratory science series for children entitled “Summer School with Live Science.” Its weekly episodes explore a variety of STEM fields with simple hands-on experiences that you and your child can follow at home.
These illustrated science experiments are presented by Diana Wit croft; She is produced by Live Science, and you can watch the experiments she prepares directly on the site’s pages on social media; Facebook, YouTube and Twitter. Read also The secret is in the magma.. Safe volcanoes may carry explosive activity in their interior Waiting for more bad news.. the world is on a date with the renewed eruption of Iceland’s largest volcanoes Siberian trap volcanoes led to mass extinction.. and shell fossils tell us the story Violin crystals may provide an opportunity to predict volcanic eruptions
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Such fun experiments are a simple and entertaining way to introduce young minds to the world of chemistry.
precautionary measures
In the beginning, Diana recommends taking some important security measures, which include:
Emphasis on conducting all scientific experiments, recipes and methods under the supervision of adults, and making dealing with any potentially harmful utensils and ingredients the responsibility of adults only.
• Always wash hands well after doing any experiment, avoid touching the face and eyes, and wear protective glasses if possible.
• Do not swallow any of the ingredients during or after these experiments.
Lemon Volcano Experience
The materials required to conduct this experiment are:
tray
white paper (optional)
knife for cutting
Spoon
lemon fruits
food colors
dishwashing soap
Baking soda
Step one: Prepare the workplace
Place the tray on a surface well covered with newspaper. and then put a sheet of white paper on the tray and this is optional, because this is where lemon volcanoes will erupt; Thus if the paper catches the colored liquid, it can be turned into a beautiful work of art.
Step two: Prepare the lemon
Cut a small part of one of the lemon bases so that your children can hold it upright, and then cut the top of the lemon to see the inside of it, and using a thin stick or a wooden spoon, for example, mash the inside of the lemon to form juice, taking care not to puncture the lemon peel .
Step Three: Choose the color
Put a few drops of food coloring inside each lemon. The amount of food coloring you use depends on the size of the lemon and the amount of juice that is produced.
If it is a small lemon with a little juice; 2 to 3 drops of food coloring is sufficient, and if the lemon is large with a lot of juice, 4 or 5 drops will suffice.
You can use different color combinations to see what results. Then put dishwashing liquid inside the lemon.
Step Four: Explode the volcano
Sprinkle a few teaspoons of baking soda inside a lemon; It also depends on the size of the lemon you have available. If it is a small lemon with a little juice in it, put 2-3 teaspoons. If you have a large lemon with a lot of juice, you can add 4-5 teaspoons.
After performing this step, you should immediately see bubbles and sizzling, but it is likely that you will need to use a spoon or stick to better mix the juice and baking soda. And the lemon volcano will now start to flow with colorful bubbles.
You can document this experience and send the photos to community@livescience.com; To be published in their photo gallery.
Step Five: Coloring
Now that the lemon volcano eruption experience is over, it’s time to get creative; Using your hands, a paintbrush or even a sponge, your kids can make and create their own artwork from the colored liquid left on the paper.
First remove the lemon and then practice your hobby of drawing and coloring but do not over-paint your paper.
Scientific explanation of the experiment
When baking soda was added to lemon juice, it caused fizz and foam, because when sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and citric acid (lemon juice) are combined, they react by forming carbon dioxide gas as well as a chemical compound called sodium citrate.
And carbon dioxide is what causes all these bubbles, knowing that it is the gas used in soda cans and sparkling water, and it is the main gas that we exhale when breathing, in addition to being naturally emitted into the Earth’s atmosphere from natural sources such as volcanoes and industrial processes.
Sodium citrate is sodium derived from citric acid. Which is used in a variety of everyday items. It is also used as an anticoagulant in blood products, as well as as an acidity regulator in food.